[VOA听写] 2008-03-27

作者: Hugh 在三月 27th, 2008 发表

欢迎来到“杂乱的书桌”每天准时为你带来的VOA听写，本期的慢速VOA是脑膜炎疫苗的新闻第二部分，标准VOA则是关于开源软件在非洲的新闻的第一部分。还犹豫什么，赶紧和Hugh一起加入到学习英语，锻炼听写的队伍中来吧！

针对慢速VOA，可以总结的内容似乎不多，没有太难辨识的地方，主要的还是针对不同新闻内容出现的一些新的词汇，比如说今天的非洲国家名称以及疾病的名称，最好记住，最起码看到要知道它是个疾病；今天的小错误犯的比较少，不知道是不是因为比较清醒。今天的标准VOA中，播音员的语音以及被采访者的发音都还不错，所以基本上没有遇到大的苦难。只有采访过程中”……within Africa:the SMMEs are deploying……”这个位置的SMMEs是怎么也没有听出来。另外单词的拼写也应该注意，虽然说你在word或者其他文本编辑软件中多数都有纠错功能，尽量还是自己提高拼写正确率吧！

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题目: Vaccine a Big Success Against Meningitis in Uganda (2/2)

专有名词: Bangladesh, Kenya, Gambia（三个国家）, diphtheria（白喉）, pertussis（百日咳）, tetanus（破伤风）, hepatitis（肝炎）

重点总结: N/A

原文

Scientists from the government, the World Health Organization, a French agency and others have been studying the campaign. They estimate that the program now prevents 30,000 severe infections and 5000 deaths in children under five each year. Their report is to be published next month in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

The GAVI alliance paid for the vaccines. GAVI was formerly the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations. This alliance of private and public interest was created in 2000 to widen the availability of immunization. With GAVI support, Uganda provided 16 and a half million doses of Hib vaccine nationwide from 2002 to 2006.

Other studies have found similar result with hib vaccines in countries including Bangladesh, Kenya and Gambia. But the executive secretary of the alliance, Julia Lob-Levyt, says this is the first time the group have seen rates drop to zero.

Uganda choose to use an injection that contains vaccines against five diseases, hib as well as diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and hepatitis B. In November, the GAVI board approved additional financing to pay for hib vaccine in a total of 44 countries.

译文

来自政府、世界卫生组织、一家法国机构以及其他一些机构的科学家们研究了这次活动。他们预计在5岁以下儿童中，这项活动每年能预防3万例严重感染以及5千例死亡。他们的报告将于下个月发表在《世界卫生组织通报》（Bulletin of the World Health Organization）上。

GAVI联盟支付了疫苗的费用。GAVI的前身是全球疫苗免疫联盟。这个联盟由私人和政府联合创办于2000年，目的是为扩大免疫的实用性。在GAVI的支持下，乌干达在2002年到2006年间在全国范围内提供了1650万剂Hib疫苗。

其他的研究也发现，在孟加拉国、肯尼亚和冈比亚等国使用的hib疫苗有着类似的效果。但是联盟的执行秘书Julian Lob-Levyt说，这是首次出现发病率降为0的情况。

乌干达选用的针剂包含了针对5种疾病的疫苗。这5种疾病分别是：B型流感嗜血杆菌、白喉、百日咳、破伤风和乙肝。在11月份，GAVI董事会批准了用于支付44个国家hib疫苗的额外资金。

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题目: Experts: Free Open Source Software Could Help African Development (1/2)

专有名词: University of Western Cape, Derek Keats

重点总结: N/A

原文

Experts say that open source software is not only good for Africa because it’s free, but also because it allows users to make changes to the source code, which in itself can provide a lesson in technology.

Derek Keats is a professor at the University of Western Cape of South Africa. He says free and open source software is having the greatest impact on average people, non-governmental organizations or NGOs and small medium and micro businesses which he calls SMMEs.

“I think the real key to the success of free open software is to imagine all of the smaller scale activities that are happening within Africa: the SMMEs are deploying free open source software, the internet service providers that are making abundant use of free open softwares in creating opportunities for connectivity, NGOs that are enabled through free open source software.”

Keats says being able to see the software’s source code or computer language code, and being able to rewrite or make changes gives the users the sense of ownership. He says explaining to people how open source software works and how it can help them is one of the biggest challenges.

译文

专家表示开源软件并不仅仅免费而对非洲有益，还因为它允许用户修改源代码，而这本身就是一堂科技课程。

Derek Keats是南非Western Cape大学的一位教授。他表示免费开源软件对于普通人群、非政府组织(NGOs)以及他称为SMMEs的小规模媒体和企业都有巨大的影响。

我认为免费开源软件成功的关键在于想到所有在非洲境内开展的小规模活动：SMMEs调配免费开源软件，网络服务供应商充分使用免费开源软件以创造更多的连接机会，无政府组织能够使用免费开源软件。

Keats表示，软件源代码或者机器语言代码的可见，以及代码的重写或修改，给了用户一种拥有感。他还表示向人们解释开源软件的工作原理以及如何对人们提供帮助是最大的挑战之一。